Friday, May 31, 2019

trigonometry - How to prove theorem using Euler's formula?

I'm having a great deal of trouble with this proof.



"Prove cosθ+cos3θ+cos5θ++cos[(2n1)θ]=sin2nθ2sinθ.
Prove sinθ+sin3θ+sin5θ++sin[(2n1)θ]=(sinnθ)2sinθ."



Relevant Equations




Euler's formula is eiθ=cosθ+isinθ.
The geometric progression formula is Sn=a(1rn1r), where a is the first term and r is the constant that each term is multiplied by to get the next term.



My Attempts to Complete the Proof



Obviously, I need to use the geometric progression formula to prove this. With Euler's formula, the initial term a is eiθ. The r term is e2iθ. I believe these two values for a and r are correct, as the first term will simply be cosθ+isinθ, the second will be eiθ+2iθ=cos3θ+isin3θ, and so on.



When I plug this into the formula, I get S2n1=eiθ(1e2iθ(2n1)1e2iθ).



This is fine, but I can't for the life of me simplify this to anything meaningful. Did I make a mistake somewhere? Are these the correct values for a and r? Is there some special trick that I'm missing?




ANY help would be appreciated. I've been stuck on this for days.



Thanks in advance,
Leo



EDIT: how do I get the last step? I end up with 12sin(4n2)θ2sinθ. It seems that the 2n1 is causing problems. If it was just n, then this would all work out perfectly. How can I fix this?

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