Friday, September 2, 2016

Using mathematical induction prove that 11cdot3n+3cdot7n6 is divisible by 8


Prove that ϕ(n)=113n+37n6 is divisible by 8 for all nN.


Base: n=0


8|11+36 is obvious.



Now let ϕ(n) be true we now prove that is also true for ϕ(n+1).


So we get 113n+1+37n+16 and I am stuck here, just can't find the way to rewrite this expression so that I can use inductive hypothesis or to get that one part of this sum is divisible by 8 and just prove by one more induction that the other part is divisible by 8.


For instance, in the last problem I had to prove that some expression a + b + c is divisible by 9. In inductive step b was divisible by 9 only thing I had to do is show that a + c is divisible by 9 and I did that with another induction, and I don't see if I can do the same thin here.


Answer



Suppose 113n+37n6=8k


The 113n+1+37n+16=113n3+37n76


=3(113n+37n2)+437n


=3(113n+37n6)+437n+12


=3(8k)+4(37n+3); 37n is odd and 3 is odd so (37n+3) is even.


=3(8k)+8(37n+32)=8(3k+37n+32).



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Actually I like and am inspired by Bill Dubuques answer.


We want to prove \phi(n) = 11*3^n + 3*7^n - 6 \equiv 0 \mod 8


And we know \phi(n) = 11*3^n + 3*7^n - 6 \equiv 3*3^n + 3*(-1)^n -6 = 3^{n+1} + 3*(-1)^n - 6 \mod 8.


So it's a matter of showing f(n) = 3^{n+1} + 3(-1)^n \equiv 6 \mod 8.


And if we notice f(n+2) = 3^{n+3} + 3(-1)^{n+2} = 3^{n+1}*9 + 3(-1)^{n} \equiv 3^n + 3(-1)^{n}= f(n) \mod 8.


So it's now just a matter of showing for f(0) \equiv f(1) \equiv 6 \mod 8.


Which is easily verified 3^1 + 3*(-1)^0 =3+3= 6 and 3^2 + 3*(-1)^1 = 9 -3 = 6


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