Tuesday, September 13, 2016

calculus - calculate the the limit of the sequence an=limntoinftynfrac23cdot(sqrtn1+sqrtn+12sqrtn)



Iv'e been struggling with this one for a bit too long:




an=lim



What Iv'e tried so far was using the fact that the inner expression is equivalent to that:



a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} n^\frac{2}{3}\cdot ( \sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n} + \sqrt{n+1} -\sqrt{n} )



Then I tried multiplying each of the expression by their conjugate and got:



a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} n^\frac{2}{3}\cdot ( \frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1} +\sqrt{n}} - \frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1} +\sqrt{n}} )



But now I'm in a dead end.
Since I have this annyoing n^\frac{2}{3} outside of the brackets, each of my attemps to finalize this, ends up with the undefined expression of (\infty\cdot0)



I've thought about using the squeeze theorem some how, but didn't manage to connect the dots right.



Thanks.


Answer




Keep on going... the difference between the fractions is



\frac{\sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n+1}}{(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n})}



which, by similar reasoning as before (diff between two squares...), produces



\frac{-2}{(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n+1})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n})}



Now, as n \to \infty, the denominator behaves as (2 \sqrt{n})^3 = 8 n^{3/2}. Thus, \lim_{n \to \infty} (-1/4) n^{-3/2} n^{2/3} = \cdots? (Is the OP sure (s)he didn't mean n^{3/2} in the numerator?)


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