Monday, December 26, 2016

summation - How to represent the sum of matrix elements given all permutations of a set of indices?




I would like to represent the sum all matrix elements of all permutations of indices given a set. For example, given the set S={1,2,3} I would like to compactly express w1,2,3+w1,3,2+w2,1,3+w2,3,1+w3,1,2+w3,2,1, where wi,j,k is any element of a three-dimensional matrix W.



I came up with this function P(S)=Si1S{i1}i2S{i1,i2}i3S{i1,i2,,iM1}imwi1,i2,,iM, where M is the number of elements of set S, wi1,i2,,iMW, and W is an M dimensional matrix. The problem is that I found it quite unelegant.


Answer



Mimick the definition of the determinant : if Sn is the group of all permutations of the n items, the quantity you're searching is σSnwσ(1),...,σ(n)



Example with n=3 : with the usual representation if permutations, S3={id,(12),(13),(23),(123),(132)}, so
P(S)=w123+w213+w321+w132+w312+w231



(if you're not familiar with Sn, just take a quick look at the beginning of the wikipedia page https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_group, sections 1 and 2)



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