Sunday, December 15, 2019

sequences and series - Calculate limntoinftyxn when xn+1=frac14xn(5xn)





Sequence xn such that x0[0,2] is defined by xn+1=14xn(5xn). For what values of x0[0,2] does xn converges and to what limit?




For x0=0, limnxn=0. I guess that in other cases limnxn=1. The sequence is bounded by max(2,2516) from AM-GM. How can I prove my assertion that xn converges to 1?



I've tried to prove that for x0(0,1) sequence increases and for x0(1,2) decreases, but when proving first part I got stuck, because I don't know how to prove inductive step that xn<1 implies xn(5xn)4<1


Answer



The function f(x)=x(5x)4 maps [0,2] into itself and it is increasing there. From this it follows by induction that xn[0,1] for all n and that xn+1xn. Hence alimxn exists and since a=a(5a)4 we get a=0 or a=1. Since (an) is increasing it follows that a=0 if x0=0 and a=1 otherwise.


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