Saturday, July 6, 2019

integration - Limit of an integral



I am trying to compute the following limit,
$$
\lim_{k \to \infty} \int_0^1 \left| \frac{\sin(kx)}{x}\right| dx
$$
After some numerical calculations, it loos like the limit is $\infty$. To prove it, I tried to use Riemann sums but such approach is not working.




Any hints on how one should prove this ?



Thanks in advance.


Answer



Changing variables ($y=kx$) this is
$$\lim_{k\to\infty}\int_0^k\frac{|\sin y|}{y}\,dy
=\int_0^\infty\frac{|\sin y|}{y}\,dy.$$
This improper integral is well-known to diverge. For instance
$$\int_{(n-1)\pi}^{n\pi}\frac{|\sin y|}{y}\,dy
\ge\frac{1}{n\pi}\int_0^\pi\sin y\,dy=\frac{2}{n\pi}.$$

Adding these up, and considering the behaviour of the harmonic
series shows the integral diverges.


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