Tuesday, July 9, 2019

elementary number theory - Divisibility by 7 rule, and Congruence Arithmetic Laws

I have seen other criteria for divisibility by 7. Criterion described below present in the book Handbook of Mathematics for IN Bronshtein (p. 323) is interesting, but could not prove it.
Let $n = (a_ka_{k-1}\ldots a_2a_1a_0)_{10} = \displaystyle{\sum_{j=0}^{k}}a_{k-j}10^{k-j}$. The expression
$$
Q_{3}^{\prime}(n) = (a_2a_1a_0)_{10} - (a_5a_4a_3)_{10} + (a_8a_7a_6)_{10} -\ldots
$$

are called alternating sum of the digits of third order of $n$. For example,
$$
Q_{3}^{\prime}(123456789) = 789-456+123=456
$$

Proposition: $7 | n \ \Leftrightarrow \ 7 | Q_{3}^{\prime}(n)$.




proof. ??



Thanks for any help.

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