Problem : Suppose that the series ∑ak converges and nj is a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers. Define the sequence bk as follows :
b1=a1+...+an1
b2=an1+1+...+an2
...
bk=ank−1+1+...+ank
Prove that ∑bk converges and that ∑ak= ∑bk
My Proof :
Let sm=∑nmi=1ai ∀m∈N then by definition, sm=∑nmi=1ai=∑mk=1bk
Since nj is strictly increasing sequence of positive integers, lim
Since \lim_{m\to\infty}\ n_m= \infty and \sum_{}^{} a_k converges, \lim_{m\to\infty}\ s_m exists and
\lim_{m\to\infty}\ s_m= \lim_{m\to\infty}\sum_{i=1}^{n_m} a_i= \sum_{}^{} a_k
Since \forall m \in \mathbb{N} s_m=\sum_{k=1}^{m} b_k and \lim_{m\to\infty}\ s_m exists,
\sum_{}^{} b_k converges and \sum_{}^{} a_k=\sum_{}^{} b_k
But, I'm not sure my proof is correct. Please give me feedback on my proof.
Answer
Yes, the idea of your proof is fine. However, your argument in the 2nd and 3rd line is unclear (among other things since n_j is not defined). I suppose, in short your argument is:
Define s_n := \sum_{k = 0}^n a_k and s_m := \sum_{k = 0}^m b_k. Then (s_m)_{m \in \mathbb{N}} is a subsequence of (s_n)_{n \in \mathbb{N}}. Since \sum a_k converges (by definition) (s_n)_{n \in \mathbb{N}} converges, so does (s_m)_{m \in \mathbb{N}} and thus \sum b_k converges. Since limits are unique, they coincide.
Make those two lines precise and you are good to go.
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