Monday, March 18, 2019

linear algebra - Proof clarification for inverse of matrix



This is from Artin Algebra, proposition 1.2.20:





Proposition: Let A be a square matrix that has either a left inverse or a right inverse, a matrix B such that either BA=I or AB=I. Then A is invertible and B is its inverse.



Proof: Suppose AB=I. We perform row reduction on A. Say A=PA, where P=EkE1 is the product of corresponding elementary matrices, and A is a row echelon matrix. Then AB=PAB=P. Because P is invertible, its bottom row is not zero. Then bottom row of A can't be zero either.




I can't understand how bottom row of A can't be zero.


Answer



Suppose the bottom row of A is zero. Then, carrying out the matrix multiplication, you will see that the bottom row of AB is zero too.




If you're comfortable with block matrix partitioning, suppose



A=[A10],B=[B1B2]



Then



AB=[A10][B1B2]=[A1B1A1B200]



Which has a row of zeros.


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