Tuesday, March 20, 2018

error function - Elegant proof for an inequality involving erf



I'm trying to prove the following inequality for 0<x<1:




erf((1+x)ln(1+x)(1+x)21)erf(ln(1+x)(1+x)21)x4



Proof by WolframAlpha: http://goo.gl/15mrM



I could also construct a Proof by Mathematica, without too much trouble.



However, I'm looking for a more elegant proof of this inequality. My approach was going to involve showing that this holds for x=0 and x=1, and then show the function is concave. However, taking the second derivative yields the following monstrosity: http://goo.gl/fKxca



Is there a more elegant way to prove this? I wouldn't mind showing a weaker inequality of the form xc (for some explicit c) if the proof was sufficiently simple.


Answer




I don't know if it's the elegant approach you're looking for, but here's a suggestion: fix any x0>, and define
fx0:y>0erf((1+y)ln(1+x0)(1+x0)21)
Now, what you want to prove is
fx0(x0)fx0(0)x04
so it is sufficient to prove that for all y[0,2x0],
fx0(y)fx0(0)y4
i.e.
fx0(y)fx0(0)y14
Since fx0 is concave, you can use the usual arguments about concavity/convexity (eg, a concave function has a decreasing slope).



Does that make sense? (I'm not sure it is easy, but the whole point is "just" to reduce the problem to an actual concave function — for which (2) might be easier))


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