How many 5 card hands can be made with at least three red cards? Of course, we're using a standard deck of 52. I know how to answer this, but I frequently see this argument, producing a different answer. I know it's wrong but I can't explain exactly what's wrong with it?
"First, there are 52C3 of choosing three red cards. Since the other two cards can be black or red, we can choose them from any of the 49 unused cards. I.e. 49C2 ways. So the final answer should be 52C3 x 49C2"
Answer
This counting argument is incorrect because it will multiple-count configurations for which more than three cards are red; e.g., {10♡,J♡,Q♡,K♡,A♡}={{10♡,J♡,Q♡},{K♡,A♡}}={{10♡,J♡},{Q♡,K♡,A♡}} but under such an enumeration scheme, the middle and right hand expressions are considered distinct.
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