Thursday, November 23, 2017

linear algebra - Formula for determinant of diagonals block matrix



Is there any formula for determinant of a matrix A that looks like:



A=(B11B1LBL1BLL)




where each Bij is a n×n diagonal matrix ?



Edit: I have found something on a paper. If we write each Bij=(b(ij)1 0  0 b(ij)n)
it seems that
det
Any hint on proving it?



Answer



Yes. Let \mathbf C_{ij} be the L \times L matrix defined by
\mathbf C_{ij}(p,q) = \mathbf B_{pq}(i,j)
Notably, we find that \mathbf C_{ij} = 0 when i \neq j. By rearranging the rows and columns of A appropriately, we see that there is a permutation matrix P such that
PAP^{-1} = \pmatrix{\mathbf C_{11} & & \cdots & \mathbf C_{1n} \\ \\ \vdots && \ddots & \vdots\\ \mathbf C_{n1} & & \cdots & \mathbf C_{nn}} = \pmatrix{\mathbf C_{11} & 0& \cdots & 0 \\ 0 & \mathbf C_{22}& \ddots & \vdots \\ \vdots & \ddots & \ddots & 0\\ 0 & \cdots & 0 & \mathbf C_{nn}}
Conclude that
\det(A) = \det(\mathbf C_{11}) \det(\mathbf C_{22}) \cdots \det(\mathbf C_{nn})







In particular, P is the permutation matrix corresponding to \tau:\{1,\dots,nL\} \to \{1,\dots, nL\} defined by
\tau(1 + (i-1) + n(j-1)) = 1 + (j-1) + L(i-1) \qquad 1 \leq i \leq n, \quad 1 \leq j \leq L
Notably: if x \in \Bbb R^L, y \in \Bbb R^n, and \otimes denotes the Kronecker product, then
P(x \otimes y) = y \otimes x



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