Thursday, January 7, 2016

linear algebra - For which n the matrix multiplication in Mn(F) is commutative ?



So for n=0 and n=1, I know matrix multiplication is commutative, but I'm confused as to how to prove that matrix multiplication is not commutative in general for n2. Should I use induction on n or proof by contradiction?


Answer




If you can find a pair of matrices that don't commute for N, then for all nN you can take those two matrices as upper left blocks in a matrix where the rest of the columns are fixed ( geometrically, if you've found two linear transformations for dimension N, then for any n>N, perform those linear transformations on a subspace of dimension N and fix the rest of the space ).



Now just find two matrices of dimension 2 that don't commute. May I suggest a rotation and a reflection? Is F a general field?


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