Wednesday, December 2, 2015

real analysis - Sine function dense in [1,1]



We know that the sine function takes it values between [1,1]. So is the set A={sinn : nN} dense in [1,1]. Generally, for showing the set is dense, one proceeds, by finding out what is ¯A of this given set. And if ¯A=[1,1], we are through with the proof, but i having trouble here!




Similarly can one do this with cosine function also, that is proving B={cosn : nN} being dense in [1,1]


Answer



The hard part is to show that for any x such that 0x2π, and any ϵ>0 there exists a real number y and two integers m and n such that |yx|<ϵ and n=2πm+y. Hint: break up [0,2π] into small subintervals, remember that π is irrational and apply the pigeonhole principle.


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