Saturday, December 19, 2015

How do i reduce this expression of binomial coefficients



I was solving a problem and am stuck with this expression. Any leads on how can I simplify this expression?



NP+Qx=Q(xQ)(xQ)(NxPQ)NP+Qx=Q(xQ)(NxPQ)



UPDATE: I realized a mistake. expression updated.


Answer



There is a variation of the Vandermonde identity that reads, for k,m,nN:
ki=0(im)(kin)=(k+1m+n+1).
Here is how you can remember it: let $0\leq a_0<\cdots

One can restrict the range of i to the values mikn, as other terms contribute 0.



So your expression simplfies to
NP+Qx=Q(x1Q)(NxPQ)NP+Qx=Q(xQ)(NxPQ)=(NP+1)(N+1P+1)=NPN+1.


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