Sunday, October 4, 2015

calculus - Prove intinfty0fracfrac11+(bx)2frac11+(ax)2xdx=ln(fracab) with Frullani Integrals




Prove 011+(bx)211+(ax)2xdx=ln(ab)



I'm supposed to use Frulanni integrals and use the fact that 0f(bx)f(ax)xdx since this equals [f()f(0)]ln(ba)



Unfortunately, I can't figure out how to do such a transformation. Any help would be appreciated!



UPDATE: Here's what I tried.



Let f(t)=11+t2 and b2=1d and a2=1c




Then we have 0f(td)f(tc)x=[f()f(0)]ln(dc)=(11)ln(dc)=0.

but I don't think we're allowed to get 0 so I must have done something wrong.


Answer



So, let f(t)=1/(1+t2). Then, your integral can be written
+0f(bx)f(ax)xdx


and, as you point out, it is a Frullani integral, with value
(f(+)f(0))ln(b/a)


Now
limt+f(t)=0

and
f(0)=1.

Hence, the value of your integral is
ln(b/a)=(lnblna)=lnalnb=ln(a/b)

(I made that calculation in detail since I think that was your problem) as desired.


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