Prove n≡s(n) (mod 3) using the fact that [10n]=[1]. Let n=(ak×10k)+(ak−1×10k−1)+⋯+(a1×101)+(a0×100) and s(n)=(ak+ak−1+⋯+a1+a0).
When trying to solve this question, I combined the information given and found that n−s(n)=(ak×10k)+(ak−1×10k−1)+⋯+(a1×101)+(a0×100)−(ak+ak−1+⋯+a1+a0)
=(ak×10k−ak)+(ak−1×10k−1−ak−1)+⋯+(a1×101−a1)+(a0×100−a0)
=ak(10k−1)+ak−1(10k−1−1)+⋯+a1(101−1)+a0(1−1)
=ak(10k−1)+ak−1(10k−1−1)+⋯+a1(9)
I'm not sure where to go from here, I thought maybe I could deduce that since, for the case of [10n]=[1] -- since that means that 10n≡1(mod 3) -- I could say that since there exists an integer, call it p, such that 10n−1=3p, and then put that "statement" in the parentheses in the last "=" line that I had above. I have a feeling it doesn't make sense though, and it would be incorrect.
Answer
Hint: Let zn=an10n+an−110n−1+...+a1⋅10+a0 with your hint we get
z_n\equiv a_n+a_{n-1}+...+a_1+a_0\mod 3 since 10^i\equiv 1\mod 3
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