I am interested in the improper integral: I=∫∞−∞1−e−1x2dx=2∫∞01−e−1x2dx
I broke the integral into one over 1 and one over the exponential and then tried to evaluate this through a change to polar coordinates similar to the way to evaluate the Gaussian Integral.
However, when I attempt to introduce the variable change 1x=u to apply the polar coordinates, I am left with the bounds being limϵ→0[ϵ,−ϵ]. I am not sure of how to convert these bounds into polar form in terms of r and θ. If anyone can give me a hint of where to continue, what I am doing wrong, or if there is a better way of evaluating this integral it would be greatly appreciated.
Answer
As I said I would, I'll add my two cents (it's more or less self-explanatory, I hope):
∫∞0(1−e−1/x2)dx=∫∞01−e−x2x2dx=∫∞0∫10e−ax2dadx=∫10∫∞0e−ax2dxda=∫10√π2√ada=√π
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