Tuesday, December 11, 2018

calculus - Evaluate sumin=0nftyfrac(1)n(2n+1)3



How do you evaluate:
n=0(1)n(2n+1)3



Not too sure where to start. I thought of trying to convert the denominator into some integral, but that didn't seem to work. According to Wolfram Alpha, the answer is π232 but I'm not sure how. There's some use of a generalized zeta function on the Wolfram Alpha page, but I'm not too sure how to work with that. If someone would give me the answer using zeta functions, could you show step by step? I would really appreciate it. If there's an easier way, that would be appreciated!



Oh Also, please no Complex Analysis! Thanks in advanced!


Answer




Since 1(2n+1)3=1210x2nlog2(x)dx, the whole series can be written as
1210log2(x)1+x2dxx1/x=14+0log2(x)1+x2dx
and evaluated in many ways. If you want to avoid Complex Analysis or differentiation under the integral sign at all costs, you may simply enforce the substitution x=tanθ, then apply Parseval's theorem to the Fourier series of log(tanθ)=log(sinθ)log(cosθ). The outcome is
n0(1)n(2n+1)3=π4n01(2n+1)2=π332.
Anyway, this thread shows that the series n0(1)n(2n+1)2k+1 are simply related to Euler numbers.


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