Monday, May 7, 2018

A proof by induction and trigonometry



Do you know how to prove that cos(x2)+cos(3x2)++cos((2n1)x2)=sinnx2sin(x2) using induction?







I have tried with n=1 which gives cosx2=sin(nx)(2sin1/2x)



I am not sure on how to expand with the trigonometric formulas.



With n=p+1 I get LHS: cos(2(n+1)1) which I summaries to cos(2n+1) which should be cos2ncos1sin2nsin1 plus the RHS sin(nx)(2sin1/2x)



RHS p+1=sin(n+1x)(2sin1/2x)




Any ideas on how to proceed would be very helpful.


Answer



If nr=1cos(2r1)2x=sinnx2sinx2

holds true for n=m



m+1r=1cos(2r1)2=sinmx2sinx2+cos[2(m+1)1]2x



=sinmx+2sinx2cos(2m+1)2x2sinx2



Using Werner's formula, 2sinx2cos(2m+1)2x=sin(m+1)xsinmx



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