Sunday, June 25, 2017

calculus - calculate the the limit of the sequence $a_n = lim_{n to infty} n^frac{2}{3}cdot ( sqrt{n-1} + sqrt{n+1} -2sqrt{n} )$




Iv'e been struggling with this one for a bit too long:



$$
a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} n^\frac{2}{3}\cdot ( \sqrt{n-1} + \sqrt{n+1} -2\sqrt{n} )$$



What Iv'e tried so far was using the fact that the inner expression is equivalent to that:



$$ a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} n^\frac{2}{3}\cdot ( \sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n} + \sqrt{n+1} -\sqrt{n} ) $$




Then I tried multiplying each of the expression by their conjugate and got:



$$
a_n = \lim_{n \to \infty} n^\frac{2}{3}\cdot ( \frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1} +\sqrt{n}} - \frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1} +\sqrt{n}} )
$$



But now I'm in a dead end.
Since I have this annyoing $n^\frac{2}{3}$ outside of the brackets, each of my attemps to finalize this, ends up with the undefined expression of $(\infty\cdot0)$



I've thought about using the squeeze theorem some how, but didn't manage to connect the dots right.




Thanks.


Answer



Keep on going... the difference between the fractions is



$$\frac{\sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n+1}}{(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n})}$$



which, by similar reasoning as before (diff between two squares...), produces



$$\frac{-2}{(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n+1})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n})}$$




Now, as $n \to \infty$, the denominator behaves as $(2 \sqrt{n})^3 = 8 n^{3/2}$. Thus, $\lim_{n \to \infty} (-1/4) n^{-3/2} n^{2/3} = \cdots$? (Is the OP sure (s)he didn't mean $n^{3/2}$ in the numerator?)


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