Wednesday, July 6, 2016

analysis - Show that BbbRn with the ell2-norm is complete




I want to show that Rn where is complete



Here is what I've done.



Let \{x^{(s)}\}\subseteq (R^n,\Vert \cdot \Vert_{R^n}) be a Cauchy sequence and \epsilon>0. Then, \exists\, N\in \Bbb{N} s.t. \forall r\geq s\geq N,
\begin{align}\Vert x^{(r)}-x^{(s)} \Vert_{R^n}=\left(\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left| x_{i}^{(r)}-x_{i}^{(s)} \right|^2 \right)<\epsilon^{2}.\end{align}
Hence, we have that x_{i}^{(r)}\to x_{i}^{*}\in \Bbb{R},\;\text{as}\;r\to\infty, since \Bbb{R} is complete.



Fix n,r\in \Bbb{N}, then allow t\to\infty. We have
\begin{align}\left(\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left| x_{i}^{(r)}-x_{i}^{*} \right|^2 \right)<\epsilon^{2},\;\;\forall \;r\geq N, n\in \Bbb{N}.\end{align}

For r=N,
\begin{align}\left(\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left| x_{i}^{(N)}-x_{i}^{*} \right| ^2\right)<\epsilon^{2},\;\;\forall \; n\in \Bbb{N}.\end{align}
Hence, x^{N}-x^{*}\in (R^n,\Vert \cdot \Vert_{R^n}) and since (R^n,\Vert \cdot \Vert_{R^n}) is a linear vector space, then x^{*}=x^{N}-(x^{N}-x^{*})\in (R^n,\Vert \cdot \Vert_{R^n}), and we are done!



Kindly check if I'm correct. Corrections and alternative proofs are welcome.


Answer



Looks good to me.



By the way, since each x^*_i\in\Bbb R we already have x^*=(x^*_1,\dots,x^*_n)\in\Bbb R^n by definition. You don't need that fact that \Bbb R^n is a linear space to conclude that.


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