Monday, November 23, 2015

discrete mathematics - Show that the number 22n+1,forallninmathbbN:ngeq2 has the last digit 7.


Problem: Show that the number 22n+1, n{N:n2} has the last digit 7 by induction and without using modular arithmetic.




I know how induction works and I've tried the basecase n=2 which holds true.


Setting p(n)=22n+1 and computing p(2)=17, which indeed has the last digit seven.


Now I need the inductive step, so I assume this holds true for a number n=m{N:m>2}. Our goal here is to verify that p also holds for the following integer n=m+1. Our induction hypothesis states that


p(m)=22m+1=?(1)


Here is where I run into trouble. If the problem statement was to show that it's divisible by 7, then in (1) I could have set the RHS to 7k for some kN and proceed. But in this case, I'm lost.

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