First off, I've seen a couple questions similar to this one (different inequalities, same principle) but didn't really understand the answers.
Here are a couple of those questions:
Prove inequality using Mean Value Theorem 2
Prove inequality using Mean Value Theorem Mean Value theorem problem?(inequality)
1+2x<e2x<(1−2x)−1, ∀ x∈ ]0,1/2[
Answer
When using the Mean Value Theorem to prove inequalities, remember the conclusion of the MVT:
f(b)−f(a)b−a=f′(t)
for some t between a and b. Replacing b by a variable x, and applying some algebra, we get
f(x)=f(a)+f′(t)(x−a)
The case a=0 is particularly useful; it says:
f(x)=f(0)+f′(t)x
for some t with 0<t<x. If you can give upper and/or lower bounds for f′(t), then you have an equality for f(x) in terms of x.
Your example suggests f(x)=e2x. Since f′(t)=2e2t, and e2t≥1 for all t≥0, we know f′(t)≥2. So
e2x>1+2x.
What about the other part of the inequality? e2x<(1−2x)−1 doesn't look like it fits the pattern above. But again with some algebra,
e2x<11−2x⟹e−2x>1−2x
and now you might see how to adapt the previous case.
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