calculus - Proving :$frac{textrm{d}}{textrm{d}x}int^{g(x)}_{h(x)}f(t)textrm{d}t =f(g(x))g'(x)-f(h(x))h'(x).$

How to prove that :

$$\frac{\textrm{d}}{\textrm{d}x}\int^{g(x)}_{h(x)}f(t)\textrm{d}t =f(g(x))g'(x)-f(h(x))h'(x).$$

Answer

Let us first assume that $f$ has a primitive, which we shall refer to as $F$. By the fundamental theorem of calculus, we have:

$$\int_{h(x)}^{g(x)}{f(t)\:dt}=F(g(x))-F(h(x))$$

By the chain rule, we have:

$$\frac{d}{dx}\left(f\circ g\right)=f'(g(x))g'(x)$$

As we know that $\frac{d}{dx}F(x)=f(x)$, we have:

$$\frac{d}{dx}\left(F(g(x))-F(h(x))\right)=F'(g(x))g'(x)-F'(h(x))h'(x)\\=f(g(x))g'(x)-f(h(x))h'(x)$$

Which means that:

$$\frac{d}{dt}\int_{h(x)}^{g(x)}f(t)\:dt=f'(g(x))g'(x)-f(h(x))h'(x)$$

Q.E.D.