Tuesday, August 25, 2015

fake proofs - Why is $i^3$ (the complex number "$i$") equal to $-i$ instead of $i$?


$$i^3=iii=\sqrt{-1}\sqrt{-1}\sqrt{-1}=\sqrt{(-1)(-1)(-1)}=\sqrt{-1}=i $$


Please take a look at the equation above. What am I doing wrong to understand $i^3 = i$, not $-i$?


Answer




We cannot say that $\sqrt{a}\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}$ for negative $a$ and $b$. If this were true, then $1=\sqrt{1}=\sqrt{\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)} = \sqrt{-1}\sqrt{-1}=i\cdot i=-1$. Since this is false, we have to say that $\sqrt{a}\sqrt{b}\neq\sqrt{ab}$ in general when we extend it to accept negative numbers.


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